2007英语作文十三章经2
十、关于运动身体健康
1、 身体上的 physically
2、 心理上的 psychologically
3、 首要目标 primary goal
4、 渴望竞争 eager for competition
5、 培养责任感 develop a strong sense of
6、 职业运动员 professional athlete
7、 个人的表现 individual performance
8、 提高技能 improve skill
9、 参与运动 be involve with sports
10、 接触性运动 contact sports
11、 投身于 thrust into a highly competitive game
12、 过分注重于 get so caught up in
13、 愉快的经历 a pleasurable experience
14、 放松 relax
15、 娱乐 amusements
16、 性格培养 character-training
17、 势均力敌的比赛 a close game
18、 传达 pass on to
19、有潜能 have potential
20、体形，身材 figure
21、大众健康 general health
22、申办奥运会 bid for the Olympic Games
十一、关于人口、老龄化等（05年真题）
1. 人口老龄化 aging of population
2. 赡养 support
3. 稳固的经济基础 solid economic foundation
4. 家庭照料 family care
5. 社区服务 community services
6. 人口过剩 overpopulation
7. 不发达国家 undeveloped countries
8. 失业 unemployment
9. 工业国家 industrialized countries
10. 公益服务 public services
11. 拥挤 overcrowding
12. 人口爆炸 population explosion
13. 养育、抚养 foster
14. 社区服务 community service
15. 社会福利事业 social welfare system
16. 逐步建立 gradually establish
17. 采取不同的态度 take different attitudes
十二、关于民工以及贫困
1、 农民工 migrant worker
2、 冲进城市 rush into the city
3、 经济发展 economic development
4、 低工资 underpaid
5、 宏伟的建筑 edifice
6、 城市居民 city residents / urban dweller
7、 不可或缺 indispensable
8、 交通拥挤 traffic congestion
9、 卫生问题 sanitation problem
10、 构成威胁 pose a threat to
11、 赚钱 make some money
十三、关于饮食
1. 快餐 fast food
2. 麦当劳 McDonald’s
3. 汉堡包 hamburgers
4. 炸鸡 fried chicken
5. 饭店 restaurants
6. 享受午餐 enjoy lunch
7. 对…是件好事 is a blessing for sb
8. 营养价值 nutritional value
9. 传统饮食 traditional cuisines
10. 采取折中的态度 take a balanced position
11. 胃口 appetize
十四、关于旅游
1、第三产业 the third industry
2、优先 priority
3、支柱 pillar
4、当地经济发展的支柱 a pillar of local econmic development
5、纪念品 souvenir
6、迅猛发展的旅游业 booming tourist industry
7、告别了贫困 say good-bye to poverty
8、发扬民族文化 carry forward national culture
9、实现可持续发展 achieve the sustainable development
10、保护自然环境 conservation of the natural environment
11、提高生活质量 enhance the quality of life
12、 文化遗产 cultural heritage
13、 迷人的景色 fascinating scenery
14、 旅游景点 tourist attractions
15、 大量的历史遗迹 a wealth of history relics
16、 跨文化交际 cross-cultural contacts
17、 增进友谊 promote friendship
18、 当地文化的保护 the preservation of local culture
19、 负面影响 negative effect
20、 造成严重污染 cause serious environmental pollution
21、 和平繁荣的环境 a climate of peace and prosperity
22、 破坏生态平衡 break the ecological balance
23、 展示灿烂的历史文化 showcase the brilliant history and culture
24、 增加吸引力 enhance its appeal
25、 度假胜地 vacation spots
26、 旅游黄金周 the golden week for tourism
27、 旅游旺季 the peak of the tourist season
28、 游览观光 spend one’s time in sightseeing
29、 自助游 an independent travel
30、 随团旅游 a group travel
十五、贸易和经济
1、 挣外汇 earnings in foreign exchange
2、 出口额 export value
3、 文化需求 the cultural needs
4、 拉动内需 promote domestic demand
5、 社区经济 community economic
6、 基础设施 infrastructure
7、 促进商业的发展 promote the commerce
8、 加快城市建设 accelerate the city construction and its embellishment
9、 廉价市场 a bargain market
10、 消费者协会 a Consumer’s Association
11、 物质生活 material life
12、 泡沫经济 a bubble economy
13、 涉外经济 a foreign-related business
14、 财政收入 renenue
15、 增加消费 increase consumption
16、 财务支出 expenditure
17、 开放搞活经济 open up and enliven the economy
18、 售后服务 afer-sale service
19、 经济前景 economic prospect
20、 无限制的扩张 unrestrained expansion
21、 经济特区 special economic zone
22、 购买力 purchasing power
23、 扩大合作 extend cooperation
24、 经济繁荣 economic prosperity
25. 腐败和受贿 corruption and bribery
26. 打假 crake down on counterfeit goods/fake products
27. 经济全球化 economic globalization; economic integration
28. 商品价格 commodity prices
29. 扩大消费市场 tap the consumer market
30. 全球化过程 globalization process
31. 充分就业 full employment
32. 全球经济 global economy
33. 机械与电子产品 machinery and electronic goods
34. 假冒伪劣商品fake and inferior commodities
35. 现代技术 modern technology
36. 购物中心 shopping centers
37. 对外开放 open the door to the outside world
38. 取得显著成绩 make remarkable results
39. 合资企业 joint ventures
40. 外商投资企业 foreign-invested venture
41. 外资 foreign capital
42. 高科技产业 high-tech enterprise
43. 随着改革开放的贯彻执行 with the reform and opening up policy being implemented
44. 现代化家用电器 up-to-date household appliances
45. 惩治腐败 combat corruption
46. 第三产业 tertiary industry
47. 后起之秀 promising young people
48. 基础设施，基础工业和支柱产业 infrastructure, basic industries and pillar industries
49. 假冒伪劣 fake and poor quality commodities
50. 经济技术开发区 economic and technological development zone
51. 经济特区 special economic zone
52. 落后 backward
53. 恢复 restore
54. 急需 need badly
55. 投资环境 environment for investment
56. 集中力量 concentrate on
57. 鼓励 encourage
58. 进口或出口import ,export
59. 活跃市场 enliven the market
60. 人力资源 manpower, human resources
61. 资金不足 short of funds
62. 围绕 focus on
63. 经济效率 economic efficiency
64. 降低生产成本 lower production cost
65. 生产力 productive forces
66. 劳动生产率 labor productivity
67. 巨大发展 have made a big advance
68. 贸易往来 trade contracts, commercial intercourse
69. 投资环境 investment environment
70. 职业道德 occupational ethics; professional ethics
71. 和别人合作 cooperate with others
72. 实际经验 practical experience
十六、关于交通★★★
1. 交通问题：transportation problems
2. 交通繁忙时段：rush hour
3. 交通阻塞 traffic jams
4. 空气污染 air pollution
5. 乘客 passenger
6. 交通工具 means of transportation
7. 能源危机 energy crisis
8. 不便 inconvenience
9. 噪声污染 noise pollution
10. 行人 pedestrians
11. 交通事故 traffic accident
12. 受伤 injuries
13. 筋疲力尽 exhausted
14. 自然资源 natural resources
15. 建设 construction
16. 停车场 parking lots
17. 铺设道路 laid down roads
18. 缓解交通阻塞压力 relieve the traffic congestion
19. 路况 road condition
20. 交通法规 traffic laws and regulations
21. 公共交通工具 public transportation
22. 提高公众意识 raise the public awareness
23. 地铁underground / 地下隧道tunnels/ 地下道 underpass
24. 方便和舒适 convenient and comfortable
25. 公共交通 public transport
26. 随着路况的发展 with the improvement in road conditions
27. 十分重视 attach importance to
28. 大力发展 strive to develop
31. 交通事故 traffic accidents
十七、其他一些要记忆的重点表达
1. 巨大的胜利 huge victory
2. 充满信心 full of confidence in
3. 各阶层人民 all walks of life
4. 团结一致 be united as one
5. 互相冲突 in conflict with each other
6. 极其复杂的工作 extremely complicated work
7. 权衡利弊 weigh up the pros and cons
8. 从正反两方面来辩论 debate the matter pro and con
9. 流行，普遍存在 prevalence
10. 暴利的，利润丰厚的 lucrative
11. 没收 confiscate
12. 前景光明的 promising
13. 消耗精力的 energy-consuming
14. 威胁 intimidate
15. 抓住机遇 seize the opportunity
16. 鉴定 identify
17. 劳动强度 labor intensity
18. 就业培训 vocational training
19. 跟上时代的步伐 keep pace with the times
20. 获取知识的重要渠道 an important channel to acquire knowledge
21. 造成损失cause a loss to
22. 被列为 be listed as
23. 承担风险 bear the risk of
24. 估算 estimate
25. 指示,说明 instruction, direction
26. 原料 raw materials
27. 大型，中型，小型 large-size, medium-size, small-size
28. 合理的发展 rationally developed
29. 长处，短处 strong point, week point
30. 各级政府government of all levels
31. 各行各业的人们 people from all trades and professions
32. 祖先 ancestors
33. 连续十年 for ten years running
34. 衡量 measure, evaluate
35. 财政资助 financial support
36. 主张 hold, state
37. 牟取任何暴利 seek excessive profits
38. 普遍规律 general law
39. 巩固 back up, consolidate
40. 苦难经历 hard experience, sufferings
41. 改造 transformation
42. 认真执行 faithfully implement
43. 自力更生 self-reliance
44. 对……有利 beneficial to
45. 加强 strengthen
46. 实行 implement, carry out
47. 自信心 confidence
48. 战略目标strategic goal
49. 吃饭穿衣 food and clothing
50. 得传染病 contract infections
51. 达到目标 attain our goals
52. 良好的沟通技巧 good communication skill
53. 可以毫不夸张的说 it would be no exaggeration to say that
54. 危害harm----endanger/damage/threaten
55. 获得get -----obtain/acquire/derive from
56. 解决solve----settle/resolve/tackle
57. 问题/危机/灾难problem---difficulty/crisis/disaster
58. 著名的famous ----distinguished/prestigious
59. 充足的enough----sufficient/adequate/abundant
60. 出色的good/great-----remarkable/marvelous/impressive
61. 严重的bad -----serious/severe/grave
62. 快乐的happy-----delighted/in good mood/in high spirits
63. 很多的many----innumerable/countless/a large number of
64. 表明，揭示：Show ----indicate reveal reflect, demonstrate, imply, suggest, illustrate
第三部分、作文谚语精选总结：
本末倒置Put the cart before the horse
变化带来生机 Change brings life
冰冻三尺非一日之寒 Rome is not built in one day
不加区别，相同对待 Treat equally without discrimination
不言而喻 Speaks for itself
得不偿失 It is not worth the candle
颠倒黑白 Call black white and white black
恶习应除不应留 Bad customs are better broken than kept up
扬长避短 Exploit to the fully one’s favorable conditions and avoid unfavorable ones
厚此薄彼 Say turkey to one and buzzard to another
患难见真情 A friend in need is a friend in deed
活着不是为了吃饭，吃饭是为了活着 Live not to eat, but eat to live
家有一老，如有一宝 An old man is treasure of a family
经验乃智慧之母 Experience is the mother of wisdom
懒惰是万恶之源 Idleness is the root of all evil.
利大于弊 The advantages far outweigh the disadvantage
良莠不齐 The good and the bad are intermingled
取其精华，去其糟粕 Take the essence and discard the dregs
每个人都有短处 Every bean has its black
不应强求一律 All bread is not baked in one oven.
逆境锻炼人 Adversity is a great schoolmaster
千里之堤，溃于蚁穴 Slight negligence may lead to great disaster.
前车之鉴 It is wise to learn at another man’s cost.
任何事物都有利有弊 No garden without weeds.
深入人心 Be deeply rooted among the people.
事难两全其美You cannot have your cake and eat it.
一概而论 Lump together under one head.
饮水思源 Never cast dirt into that fountain of which thou hast sometime drunk.
友谊第一，比赛第二 Friendship first, competition second.
知识就是力量 Knowledge is power.
自力更生 Regeneration through one’s own efforts.
整天工作不玩耍，孩子变成大傻瓜 All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.
自助者天助 God help those who help themselves.
第四部分：常用句式
一、十大功能段落★★★
1）话题引出段
Nowadays, there is a growing concern over the issue of ……
People in growing numbers are directing their attention to ……
When it comes to ……, people’s notions may vary from one to another.
Recently, a heated discussion has sprung up as to ……
2）图画图表描述段
As is vividly shown in the picture,……
It is clearly depicted in the picture that……
This picture depicts a thought-provoking scene of ……
The chart above provides a series of essential figures, illustrating the changes taking place in a time span of …years.
3) 观点对比段
Opposite voices are now rising in the debate. Some people firmly believe that……. On the contrary, quite a few people argue that……
The controversial issue has aroused opposite opinions. One focuses on …….. ;the other opinion revolves around……
4）利弊列举段
Every coin has two sides, and this issue is no exception. Above all, …In addition…More importantly… However, the negative influence it renders should not be neglected. ..not only …but also
Is this phenomenon a blessing or a curse.? The following list of advantages and disadvantages can explain everything.
5）举例说明段
The following illustrations can serve as strong evidence of the phenomenon.
6）原因列举段
Why should this phenomenon take place? There are generally three factors accounting for it.
Having taken everything into consideration, we may attribute the sharp change to three aspects.
7）意义阐释段
The purpose of the picture is to show us that due attention has to be paid to….
Having scrutinized the details of the picture, we can discuss the implications subtly conveyed from it.
8）归纳结论段
Taking into account all the analyses above, we may confidently come to the conclusion that……
9）预测趋势段
There is no denying that ……will continue increasing/decreasing in the better/worse direction.
Undoubtedly, the tendency reflected from the chart will undergo a continuous increase/decrease in the near future.
10）建议措施段
Therefore, it is imperative that we should take some drastic measures.
As far as I am concerned, two effective measures must be immediately taken to pull through the crisis.
二、精选句式
1、The picture is thought- provoking. What it illustrates is a common phenomenon in today's society
3、Examples to prove the view are abundant. The most persuasive are the cases
5、The set of drawings above vividly depicts……As is shown in the first cartoon
6、To begin with, the purpose of the drawings is to show us that……yet the symbolic meanings subtly conveyed should be taken more seriously.
7、Accordingly, it is vital for us to derive positive implication from these thought-provoking drawings. On the one hand, we can frequently use them to enlighten
8、What the picture conveys goes far beyond only a……Instead, it carries cultural meanings. The fact that
9、The picture below illustrates the real meaning of……by stressing the fact that
10、I can think of no better illustration of this idea than the following example：
11、I believe that the relationship between people will be harmonious and that our society will be a better place for us to live in……（总结）
12、The purpose of this picture is to show us that due (great enough) attention has to be paid to……
13、Why does this phenomenon appear? There are several possible reasons for this. Above all……In addition
三、常用于开头的句式
例句：Recently, the problem of unemployment has been brought to such popular attention that governments at all levels place it on the agenda as the first matter.
例句：In the eyes of the public, official corruption means taking bribes. But such corruption comes in many different forms.
例句：Nowadays, a heated debate about whether one should step forward bravely in the event of crime is under way in China. Some people believe that one should step forward bravely no matter how dangerous it is, whereas others argue that one should put his or her own safety above anything else.
例句：When it comes to fake commodities, most people contend that people should battle against the falsehood of the fakes, but other people consider that buying fake commodities means nothing but “unlucky” which is hard to avoid.
四、 常用于结尾的句式
例句：It is hoped that we should pay more attention to the problems of unemployment.
例句：As long as we persist in spreading scientific knowledge among the masses, all the superstitions are bound to go out of our life.
例句：It is high time that the issue were to be solved so as to promote the economic development.
例句：All the above evidence goes to show that the birth of computer has benefited our life greatly.
例句：My suggestion is that effective measures should be taken to check population growth; otherwise, the potential consequences are unimaginable.
例句：Therefore, we should not only realize that competition and cooperation, like two sides of the coin, have to go hand in hand, but fix more attention on how to make full use of … as well.
五、 常用的过渡句式
例句：Although lots of people follow the fashion, I still set my heart on its negative effect on our society.
例句：It is no easy job to find every reason for the increase in the number of teenagers who run away from their homes, but, on the whole, two factors shout louder than others. First of all, …. Second, …
例句：It is obvious that radio cannot compete with television in visuality, but it still possesses substantial advantages over television. (One of these is…Another…Still another…)
例：At first glance, the western-type democracy seems superior to any other types. But on close examination, it does not entitle every citizen of the same nation to the equal freedom to act.
六、常用于描述漫画的句式。
例句：The two pictures here illustrate how a flower in a greenhouse is destroyed when exposed to a storm.
例句：In the first picture, a lonely small boat, in spite of the good catch, does not disturb the fishes that are swimming leisurely. While in the second one, the sea is over-crowded with fishing boats, and a lonely fish, desperately trying to escape, finds no place to hide.
例句：As can be seen from the picture, the car breaks stops on the way and cannot move any further.
例句：It is most likely that by drawing the pictures, the artist intends not only to tell us the story of fish but also to set us thinking more about nature.
七、常用图表作文的句式：
例句：According to the figures shown in the table, we can see that great changes have been taking place in people’s diet over the period from 1988 to 1998.
例句：After considering the information in the graph, we might conclude that the energy structure in rural areas has been greatly improved over the past 15 years.
例句：By comparison with 1990, it dropped by 15 percent.
必背小作文之一 [备忘]
You are the manager’s assistant, and your company is going to donate some medicine to the patients in poor areas. Please write a memo to inform the faculty to have a meeting next week to discuss about the donation。
To: All the faculty(收笺人)
From: Li Ming, Manager’s Assistant(发笺人职能部门)
Date: May 26,2005
Subject: Donation of Medicine to Patients in Poor Areas
All staff is required to attend the meeting, which will be held next Monday in the meeting room.
The main purpose of the meeting is to discuss the medicine donation to the patients in poor areas, where the medical conditions are extremely bad and the patients are in great need of our help. Before the meeting, a detailed donation plan is required for every department.
The meeting will begin at 2 o’clock in the afternoon and everyone should be present on time.
Li Ming
必背小作文之二[请假条]
要点: 1) 请假原因,请假时间,理由要讲充分 2)你的补救措施
You will have an English class next Friday, but you can’t attend it. Write a letter to your English teacher, Mr. Wang, to ask for leave. Tell him
1) why you ask for leave
2) what you will do to make up for it
Dear Mr. Wang,
I very much regret I was unable to attend your English class next Friday.
As you may know, we senior students have been busy looking for jobs since the beginning of this semester. Luckily, I have got an opportunity to be interviewed by a well-known large pubic company, which I have longed to enter. Unfortunately, the interview is scheduled for next Friday. I really don’t want to miss this valuable chance, so I have to ask for leave. I know mid-term exam is approaching, and next Friday’s class is important. In order to make up for it, I will ask a classmate to copy your PPT and take notes for me. I will study them carefully and hand in all the homework on time.
I shall be very much obliged if you can approve my application. Sorry for any inconvenience caused by my absence.
Your sincerely
Li Ming
必背大作文之一[背] ★★★★★
Study the following drawing carefully and write an essay in which you should1)describe the drawing, 2)interpret its symbolic meaning , and 3) give your comment.
图画内容：两人开着帆船在星空照耀下航行。文字：“理想如星辰---在星光的指引下，我们可像航海者一样，勇敢前行……”
What a thought-provoking picture: two people are braving the world in their small boat at night, the waves roaring and the stars shinning. Inevitably there are dangerous rocks at sea, but with their ideals in mind, they pluck up their courage to forge ahead.
What the cartoon symbolically reveals is that ideals, just like stars, can spur us to break through the darkness into our desired goal. Life is unimaginable without ideals. Helen Keller, without ideals inspired by her dearest teacher, would not have “seen ” so many things through mere touch, and hence would not have moved the world by her touching story. In the same way, Zhang Haidi, given her poor physical condition, would not have become a well-known writer without her ambition to rival life. With ideals encouraging us, we are moving forward more eagerly and confidently.
As dark night is formidable, so is a life void of ideals. Ideals are stars overhead, leading us to plough the sea of difficulties. With ideals in mind, we can cure fatal diseases; tame the ocean and we have every reason to believe that the future can only be better.
必背大作文之二[推荐背诵] ★★★★★
Study the following drawing carefully and write an essay in which you should
1. Describe the drawing,
2. Interpret its symbolic meaning, and
3. Give your comment.
图片内容：三个登山者在雪山攀登，尽管环境险恶，仍然不断向前。
Vitality on Great Peaks
In the picture, we cannot simply see a quite snow-covered mountain, but a mountain of vigorous life. A hard indisputable reason remains: three mountain-climbers just represent “vitality on great peaks”, which is written at the bottom of the picture.
It is those people who dare to challenge the highest peaks that deserve the most fascinating sight of life. Only when you dare to burn the bridge, can you push forward whole-heartedly and win the battle wonderfully. Only when you are willing to leave the clam life of dwelling on your quiet farm, can you appreciate the overwhelming beauty of surging billows, which will inspires you to find the true meaning of life. And the true meaning of life lies in the challenging of the past, which is symbolized by the foot of the snow mountain when it comes to the picture offered above.
In reality, some people are inclined to be content with their present life and they are willing to pass their life in a steady lifestyle. Some others, however, are constantly aggressive, almost restless in pursuing their aims. It is hard to say the former way is dull but it is really the latter that will make our life as colorful and beautiful as the magnificent scenery. Put it the other way around, when the sightseer is standing on the top of a mountain, his sense of victory is beyond any limited description.
必背大作文之三[推荐背诵]
Study the following drawing carefully and write an essay in which you should
1) describe the drawing,
2) interpret its implications
3) give your comments
漫画内容：图画中，可以看到一匹抬起前腿、将要奔驰的骏马，题目为：千里之行，是从第一步开始的。可见，文章主题应围绕“第一步”语“千里之行”的关系展开讨论，可以讨论“起步”或“行动”的重要性。再看指导语可知，文章应以图画展开的内容为主题，（1）描述图画（2）阐述图画表达的含义（3）发表自己的看法。
As we can see in the picture, a horse is starting the first step in his journey vigorously. The prancing horse, together with the line of words beneath that every journey begins with the first step, implies the importance of beginnings, and the necessity of getting off to a right start in anything that one undertakes.
As we all know, the foundations of a building must be strong, or else the whole structure will fall down someday. The pioneering of any enterprise always contains the soul of it, in which is wrapped the whole motive, purpose and plan of the venture. The success of autumn crops depends on the initial steps taken in the spring. Therefore, it seems that the beginning point is dynamic and alive and often more important than any other point in the journey. When asked about the key to success, a successful author replied that the most helpful thing was to start writing. Without taking the first step, potential genius will contents itself with mediocrity. Only by trying, the first can produce the second, the second the third, and so on to the very goal.
In sum, there is a magic potential in the first step taken toward a successful end in view.
必背大作文之四[重点推荐]
Study the two pictures above carefully and write an essay entitled “On Education of China” In the essay, you should (1) describe the pictures (2) interpret their meaning (3) give your opinion about the phenomenon 。
On Education of China
The two pictures look so similar at one glance, but they are totally different. In the first picture, a peasant boy, carrying a heavy bundle of rice straw is out of breath under the great pressure. His hope is to have a school to attend. In the second picture, a student is on his way home from school, a heavy bag of books on his back. What he wishes is that he didn’t have to go to school any more. How can the two boys at the same age have such different ideas about attending school?
The two pictures show some problems in the present education system in China. In the poor countryside, especially in some western parts of China, the education is also poor. There are no buildings for classrooms, let alone good teachers. Children there cannot have regular education. They are sometimes forced to leave their studies because their families cannot afford the necessary fees. However, the situation is totally different in the cities. Almost all the children in the cities can have regular education. They can enjoy the bright classrooms and adequate facilities. But they have their own problems. What they face is the endless homework, which puts so much pressure on them that some students don’t want to continue their studies.
Given the problems above, our government has taken some measures. “The Hope Project” has been in operation to ensure that children in the poor areas can achieve education. Some strategies have also been put into force to reduce the pressure on the students. Teachers are asked not to give too much homework. Emphasis should be put on the improvement of the quality of the students. However, there is a long way to go in the improvement of our education conditions. The whole society should be mobilized to make some contributions to our education.
关注两图或者多图对比的漫画，话题为积极意义，涉及人的品质特别是美德方面。可以参考背诵01年范文“爱心是一盏灯”和04年范文“终点又是新起点”。
